Visual Cryptography allows you to split a black&white image file into two images that seperately look like random static. However, put them on top of each other when printed on transparents and the original image becomes visible.
Visual Cryptography was invented by Adi Shamir and Moni Naor in 1994. Their original paper can be found here.
Original | Share 1 | Share 2 | Share 1+2 |
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Source code for demonstration of VCK is available here.